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| Gnai3 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(k) subunit alpha; Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) function as transducers downstream of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in numerous signaling cascades. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and alternates between an active, GTP-bound state and an inactive, GDP-bound state. Signaling by an activated GPCR promotes GDP release and GTP binding. The alpha subunit has a low GTPase activity that converts bound GTP to GDP, thereby terminating the signal. Both GDP release and GTP hydrolysis are modul [...] (354 aa) | |||
| Uba1 | Ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 1; Catalyzes the first step in ubiquitin conjugation to mark cellular proteins for degradation through the ubiquitin- proteasome system. Activates ubiquitin by first adenylating its C-terminal glycine residue with ATP, and thereafter linking this residue to the side chain of a cysteine residue in E1, yielding a ubiquitin-E1 thioester and free AMP. Essential for the formation of radiation-induced foci, timely DNA repair and for response to replication stress. Promotes the recruitment of TP53BP1 and BRCA1 at DNA damage sites (1058 aa) | |||
| Rab8a | Ras-related protein Rab-8A; The small GTPases Rab are key regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking, from the formation of transport vesicles to their fusion with membranes. Rabs cycle between an inactive GDP-bound form and an active GTP-bound form that is able to recruit to membranes different sets of downstream effectors directly responsible for vesicle formation, movement, tethering and fusion. That Rab is involved in polarized vesicular trafficking and neurotransmitter release. Together with RAB11A, RAB3IP, the exocyst complex, PARD3, PRKCI, ANXA2, CDC42 and DNMBP promotes t [...] (207 aa) | |||
| Slc1a3 | Excitatory amino acid transporter 1; Sodium-dependent, high-affinity amino acid transporter that mediates the uptake of L-glutamate and also L-aspartate and D-aspartate. Functions as a symporter that transports one amino acid molecule together with two or three Na(+) ions and one proton, in parallel with the counter-transport of one K(+) ion (By similarity). Plays a redundant role in the rapid removal of released glutamate from the synaptic cleft, which is essential for terminating the postsynaptic action of glutamate (543 aa) | |||
| Atp4a | Potassium-transporting ATPase alpha chain 1; Catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of H(+) and K(+) ions across the plasma membrane. Responsible for acid production in the stomach; Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IIC subfamily (1034 aa) | |||
| Krt16 | Keratin, type I cytoskeletal 16; Epidermis-specific type I keratin that plays a key role in skin. Acts as a regulator of innate immunity in response to skin barrier breach- required for some inflammatory checkpoint for the skin barrier maintenance (469 aa) | |||
| Gstm2 | Glutathione S-transferase Mu 2; Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles; Belongs to the GST superfamily. Mu family (218 aa) | |||
| Qdpr | Dihydropteridine reductase; The product of this enzyme, tetrahydrobiopterin (BH-4), is an essential cofactor for phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan hydroxylases (241 aa) | |||
| Tubb1 | Tubulin beta-1 chain; Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain (By similarity); Belongs to the tubulin family (451 aa) | |||
| Krt27 | Keratin, type I cytoskeletal 27; Essential for the proper assembly of type I and type II keratin protein complexes and formation of keratin intermediate filaments in the inner root sheath (irs) (448 aa) | |||
| Ywhab | 14-3-3 protein beta/alpha; Adapter protein implicated in the regulation of a large spectrum of both general and specialized signaling pathways. Binds to a large number of partners, usually by recognition of a phosphoserine or phosphothreonine motif. Binding generally results in the modulation of the activity of the binding partner. Negative regulator of osteogenesis. Blocks the nuclear translocation of the phosphorylated form (by AKT1) of SRPK2 and antagonizes its stimulatory effect on cyclin D1 expression resulting in blockage of neuronal apoptosis elicited by SRPK2. Negative regulato [...] (246 aa) | |||
| Hspa4 | Heat shock protein 4; Belongs to the heat shock protein 70 family (842 aa) | |||
| Arf5 | ADP-ribosylation factor 5; GTP-binding protein that functions as an allosteric activator of the cholera toxin catalytic subunit, an ADP- ribosyltransferase. Involved in protein trafficking; may modulate vesicle budding and uncoating within the Golgi apparatus (180 aa) | |||
| Nme2 | Nucleoside diphosphate kinase B; Major role in the synthesis of nucleoside triphosphates other than ATP. The ATP gamma phosphate is transferred to the NDP beta phosphate via a ping-pong mechanism, using a phosphorylated active-site intermediate. Negatively regulates Rho activity by interacting with AKAP13/LBC. Exhibits histidine protein kinase activity (By similarity) (152 aa) | |||
| Vdac2 | Voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2; Forms a channel through the mitochondrial outer membrane that allows diffusion of small hydrophilic molecules. The channel adopts an open conformation at low or zero membrane potential and a closed conformation at potentials above 30-40 mV. The open state has a weak anion selectivity whereas the closed state is cation- selective (By similarity) (295 aa) | |||
| Arf4 | ADP-ribosylation factor 4; GTP-binding protein that functions as an allosteric activator of the cholera toxin catalytic subunit, an ADP- ribosyltransferase. Involved in protein trafficking; may modulate vesicle budding and uncoating within the Golgi apparatus (180 aa) | |||
| Aco2 | Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate; Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family (780 aa) | |||
| Atp5o | ATP synthase subunit O, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the centr [...] (213 aa) | |||
| Krt71 | Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 71; Plays a central role in hair formation. Essential component of keratin intermediate filaments in the inner root sheath (IRS) of the hair follicle (524 aa) | |||
| Krt6b | Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 6B; Keratin 6B; Belongs to the intermediate filament family (554 aa) | |||
| Krt79 | Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 79; Keratin 79; Belongs to the intermediate filament family (531 aa) | |||
| Hsp90ab1 | Heat shock protein HSP 90-beta; Molecular chaperone that promotes the maturation, structural maintenance and proper regulation of specific target proteins involved for instance in cell cycle control and signal transduction. Undergoes a functional cycle that is linked to its ATPase activity. This cycle probably induces conformational changes in the client proteins, thereby causing their activation. Interacts dynamically with various co-chaperones that modulate its substrate recognition, ATPase cycle and chaperone function. Engages with a range of client protein classes via its interacti [...] (724 aa) | |||
| Hspa9 | Stress-70 protein, mitochondrial; Chaperone protein which plays an important role in mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) biogenesis. Interacts with and stabilizes ISC cluster assembly proteins FXN, NFU1, NFS1 and ISCU (By similarity). Regulates erythropoiesis via stabilization of ISC assembly. May play a role in the control of cell proliferation and cellular aging; Belongs to the heat shock protein 70 family (679 aa) | |||
| Hsd17b4 | Peroxisomal multifunctional enzyme type 2; Bifunctional enzyme acting on the peroxisomal beta- oxidation pathway for fatty acids. Catalyzes the formation of 3- ketoacyl-CoA intermediates from both straight-chain and 2-methyl- branched-chain fatty acids (By similarity) (735 aa) | |||
| P4hb | Protein disulfide-isomerase; This multifunctional protein catalyzes the formation, breakage and rearrangement of disulfide bonds. At the cell surface, seems to act as a reductase that cleaves disulfide bonds of proteins attached to the cell. May therefore cause structural modifications of exofacial proteins. Inside the cell, seems to form/rearrange disulfide bonds of nascent proteins. At high concentrations, functions as a chaperone that inhibits aggregation of misfolded proteins. At low concentrations, facilitates aggregation (anti-chaperone activity). May be involved with other chape [...] (509 aa) | |||
| Atp5b | ATP synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the c [...] (529 aa) | |||
| Atp5a1 | ATP synthase subunit alpha, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the [...] (553 aa) | |||
| Hspd1 | 60 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial; Chaperonin implicated in mitochondrial protein import and macromolecular assembly. Together with Hsp10, facilitates the correct folding of imported proteins. May also prevent misfolding and promote the refolding and proper assembly of unfolded polypeptides generated under stress conditions in the mitochondrial matrix. The functional units of these chaperonins consist of heptameric rings of the large subunit Hsp60, which function as a back-to-back double ring. In a cyclic reaction, Hsp60 ring complexes bind one unfolded substrate protein per rin [...] (573 aa) | |||
| Arl8a | ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 8A; May play a role in lysosomes motility. Alternatively, may play a role in chromosome segregation (By similarity) (186 aa) | |||
| Vim | Vimentin; Vimentins are class-III intermediate filaments found in various non-epithelial cells, especially mesenchymal cells. Vimentin is attached to the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria, either laterally or terminally (466 aa) | |||
| Pdia3 | Protein disulfide-isomerase A3; Protein disulfide isomerase associated 3 (505 aa) | |||
| Rpl6 | 60S ribosomal protein L6; Component of the large ribosomal subunit (296 aa) | |||
| Rpn1 | Dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit 1; Essential subunit of the N-oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex which catalyzes the transfer of a high mannose oligosaccharide from a lipid-linked oligosaccharide donor to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains; Belongs to the OST1 family (608 aa) | |||
| Tuba8 | Tubulin alpha-8 chain; Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain; Belongs to the tubulin family (449 aa) | |||
| Ldhb | Lactate dehydrogenase B; Belongs to the LDH/MDH superfamily. LDH family (334 aa) | |||
| Rps4x | Ribosomal protein S4, X-linked; Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS4 family (263 aa) | |||
| Lamp1 | Lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1; Presents carbohydrate ligands to selectins. Also implicated in tumor cell metastasis (406 aa) | |||
| Slc25a4 | ADP/ATP translocase 1; Involved in mitochondrial ADP/ATP transport. Catalyzes the exchange of cytoplasmic ADP with mitochondrial ATP across the mitochondrial inner membrane; Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family (298 aa) | |||
| Cox4i1 | Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial; This protein is one of the nuclear-coded polypeptide chains of cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal oxidase in mitochondrial electron transport (169 aa) | |||
| Acat1 | Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, mitochondrial; Plays a major role in ketone body metabolism; Belongs to the thiolase family (424 aa) | |||
| Psma4 | Proteasome subunit alpha type-4; Component of the 20S core proteasome complex involved in the proteolytic degradation of most intracellular proteins. This complex plays numerous essential roles within the cell by associating with different regulatory particles. Associated with two 19S regulatory particles, forms the 26S proteasome and thus participates in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. The 26S proteasome plays a key role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins that could impair cellular functions, and by removing pro [...] (261 aa) | |||
| Rab8b | Ras-related protein Rab-8B; The small GTPases Rab are key regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking, from the formation of transport vesicles to their fusion with membranes. Rabs cycle between an inactive GDP-bound form and an active GTP-bound form that is able to recruit to membranes different sets of downstream effectors directly responsible for vesicle formation, movement, tethering and fusion. That Rab may be involved in polarized vesicular trafficking and neurotransmitter release. May participate in cell junction dynamics in Sertoli cells (By similarity) (207 aa) | |||
| Hist1h1c | Histone H1.2; Histone H1 protein binds to linker DNA between nucleosomes forming the macromolecular structure known as the chromatin fiber. Histones H1 are necessary for the condensation of nucleosome chains into higher-order structured fibers. Acts also as a regulator of individual gene transcription through chromatin remodeling, nucleosome spacing and DNA methylation (By similarity) (212 aa) | |||
| Mbp | Myelin basic protein; The classic group of MBP isoforms (isoform 4-isoform 13) are with PLP the most abundant protein components of the myelin membrane in the CNS. They have a role in both its formation and stabilization. The non-classic group of MBP isoforms (isoform 1- isoform 3/Golli-MBPs) may preferentially have a role in the early developing brain long before myelination, maybe as components of transcriptional complexes, and may also be involved in signaling pathways in T-cells and neural cells. Differential splicing events combined to optional post-translational modifications giv [...] (250 aa) | |||
| Gpi1 | Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase; Besides it’s role as a glycolytic enzyme, mammalian GPI can function as a tumor-secreted cytokine and an angiogenic factor (AMF) that stimulates endothelial cell motility. GPI is also a neurotrophic factor (Neuroleukin) for spinal and sensory neurons (558 aa) | |||
| Ywhag | 14-3-3 protein gamma; Adapter protein implicated in the regulation of a large spectrum of both general and specialized signaling pathways. Binds to a large number of partners, usually by recognition of a phosphoserine or phosphothreonine motif. Binding generally results in the modulation of the activity of the binding partner (247 aa) | |||
| Actbl2 | Beta-actin-like protein 2; Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells; Belongs to the actin family (376 aa) | |||
| Gnat2 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(t) subunit alpha-2; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. Transducin is an amplifier and one of the transducers of a visual impulse that performs the coupling between rhodopsin and cGMP-phosphodiesterase (354 aa) | |||
| Gnai2 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. The G(i) proteins are involved in hormonal regulation of adenylate cyclase- they inhibit the cyclase in response to beta-adrenergic stimuli. May play a role in cell division (355 aa) | |||
| Ahcy | S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase; Adenosylhomocysteine is a competitive inhibitor of S- adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyl transferase reactions; therefore adenosylhomocysteinase may play a key role in the control of methylations via regulation of the intracellular concentration of adenosylhomocysteine (432 aa) | |||
| Ezr | Ezrin; Probably involved in connections of major cytoskeletal structures to the plasma membrane. In epithelial cells, required for the formation of microvilli and membrane ruffles on the apical pole. Along with PLEKHG6, required for normal macropinocytosis (By similarity) (586 aa) | |||
| Dnm3 | Dynamin-3; Microtubule-associated force-producing protein involved in producing microtubule bundles and able to bind and hydrolyze GTP. Most probably involved in vesicular trafficking processes, in particular endocytosis (By similarity) (859 aa) | |||
| Actn4 | Alpha-actinin-4; F-actin cross-linking protein which is thought to anchor actin to a variety of intracellular structures. This is a bundling protein. Probably involved in vesicular trafficking via its association with the CART complex. The CART complex is necessary for efficient transferrin receptor recycling but not for EGFR degradation (By similarity). Involved in tight junction assembly in epithelial cells probably through interaction with MICALL2. Links MICALL2 to the actin cytoskeleton and recruits it to the tight junctions. May also function as a transcriptional coactivator, stim [...] (912 aa) | |||
| Ywhae | 14-3-3 protein epsilon; Adapter protein implicated in the regulation of a large spectrum of both general and specialized signaling pathways. Binds to a large number of partners, usually by recognition of a phosphoserine or phosphothreonine motif. Binding generally results in the modulation of the activity of the binding partner. Positively regulates phosphorylated protein HSF1 nuclear export to the cytoplasm (255 aa) | |||
| Tubb3 | Tubulin beta-3 chain; Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain. TUBB3 plays a critical role in proper axon guidance and mantainance; Belongs to the tubulin family (450 aa) | |||
| Prdx6 | Peroxiredoxin-6; Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively. Can reduce H(2)O(2) and short chain organic, fatty acid, and phospholipid hydroperoxides. Also has phospholipase activity, and can therefore either reduce the oxidized sn-2 fatty acyl grup of phospholipids (peroxidase activity) or hydrolyze the sn-2 ester bond of phospholipids (phospholipase activity). These activities are dependent on binding to phospholipids at acidic pH and to oxidized phospholipds at cytosolic pH. Plays a role [...] (224 aa) | |||
| Hist2h2ab | Histone H2A type 2-B; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling (130 aa) | |||
| Rps7 | 40S ribosomal protein S7; Required for rRNA maturation; Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS7 family (194 aa) | |||
| Hnrnph1 | Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H; This protein is a component of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) complexes which provide the substrate for the processing events that pre-mRNAs undergo before becoming functional, translatable mRNAs in the cytoplasm. Mediates pre-mRNA alternative splicing regulation. Inhibits, together with CUGBP1, insulin receptor (IR) pre-mRNA exon 11 inclusion in myoblast. Binds to the IR RNA. Binds poly(RG) (By similarity) (472 aa) | |||
| Rab43 | Ras-related protein Rab-43; The small GTPases Rab are key regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking, from the formation of transport vesicles to their fusion with membranes. Rabs cycle between an inactive GDP-bound form and an active GTP-bound form that is able to recruit to membranes different set of downstream effectors directly responsible for vesicle formation, movement, tethering and fusion. The low intrinsic GTPase activity of RAB43 is activated by USP6NL. Involved in retrograde transport from the endocytic pathway to the Golgi apparatus. Involved in the transport of Shiga [...] (210 aa) | |||
| Gnas | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms XLas; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) function as transducers in numerous signaling pathways controlled by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Signaling involves the activation of adenylyl cyclases, resulting in increased levels of the signaling molecule cAMP. GNAS functions downstream of several GPCRs, including beta-adrenergic receptors. XLas isoforms interact with the same set of receptors as Gnas isoforms (1133 aa) | |||
| Hist1h3g | Histone cluster 1, H3g; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling (136 aa) | |||
| mt-Co2 | Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2; Cytochrome c oxidase is the component of the respiratory chain that catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to water. Subunits 1- 3 form the functional core of the enzyme complex. Subunit 2 transfers the electrons from cytochrome c via its binuclear copper A center to the bimetallic center of the catalytic subunit 1 (227 aa) | |||
| Rplp2 | 60S acidic ribosomal protein P2; Plays an important role in the elongation step of protein synthesis (115 aa) | |||
| Atp1a2 | Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-2; This is the catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. This action creates the electrochemical gradient of sodium and potassium ions, providing the energy for active transport of various nutrients (By similarity) (1020 aa) | |||
| Rplp0 | 60S acidic ribosomal protein P0; Ribosomal protein P0 is the functional equivalent of E.coli protein L10 (317 aa) | |||
| Hspa1a | Heat shock 70 kDa protein 1A; Molecular chaperone implicated in a wide variety of cellular processes, including protection of the proteome from stress, folding and transport of newly synthesized polypeptides, activation of proteolysis of misfolded proteins and the formation and dissociation of protein complexes. Plays a pivotal role in the protein quality control system, ensuring the correct folding of proteins, the re-folding of misfolded proteins and controlling the targeting of proteins for subsequent degradation. This is achieved through cycles of ATP binding, ATP hydrolysis and AD [...] (641 aa) | |||
| Hist1h4j | Histone cluster 1, H4j; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling (103 aa) | |||
| Krt74 | Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 74; Has a role in hair formation. Specific component of keratin intermediate filaments in the inner root sheath (IRS) of the hair follicle (By similarity) (495 aa) | |||
| Hist1h2ah | Histone H2A type 1-H; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling (128 aa) | |||
| Hsp90aa1 | Heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha; Molecular chaperone that promotes the maturation, structural maintenance and proper regulation of specific target proteins involved for instance in cell cycle control and signal transduction. Undergoes a functional cycle that is linked to its ATPase activity which is essential for its chaperone activity. This cycle probably induces conformational changes in the client proteins, thereby causing their activation. Interacts dynamically with various co-chaperones that modulate its substrate recognition, ATPase cycle and chaperone function. Engages with a ra [...] (733 aa) | |||
| Rps2 | Ribosomal protein S2; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS5 family (293 aa) | |||
| Hist1h2bb | Histone H2B type 1-B; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling (126 aa) | |||
| Hspa5 | 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein; Plays a role in facilitating the assembly of multimeric protein complexes inside the endoplasmic reticulum. Involved in the correct folding of proteins and degradation of misfolded proteins via its interaction with DNAJC10, probably to facilitate the release of DNAJC10 from its substrate; Belongs to the heat shock protein 70 family (655 aa) | |||
| Vdac1 | Voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1; Forms a channel through the mitochondrial outer membrane and also the plasma membrane. The channel at the outer mitochondrial membrane allows diffusion of small hydrophilic molecules; in the plasma membrane it is involved in cell volume regulation and apoptosis. It adopts an open conformation at low or zero membrane potential and a closed conformation at potentials above 30-40 mV. The open state has a weak anion selectivity whereas the closed state is cation-selective. May participate in the formation of the permeability transition p [...] (283 aa) | |||
| Rtn4 | Reticulon-4; Developmental neurite growth regulatory factor with a role as a negative regulator of axon-axon adhesion and growth, and as a facilitator of neurite branching. Regulates neurite fasciculation, branching and extension in the developing nervous system. Involved in down-regulation of growth, stabilization of wiring and restriction of plasticity in the adult CNS. Regulates the radial migration of cortical neurons via an RTN4R-LINGO1 containing receptor complex. May inhibit BACE1 activity and amyloid precursor protein processing. Induces the formation and stabilization of endop [...] (1162 aa) | |||
| Rpl7a | Ribosomal protein L7A (266 aa) | |||
| Ywhaq | 14-3-3 protein theta; Adapter protein implicated in the regulation of a large spectrum of both general and specialized signaling pathways. Binds to a large number of partners, usually by recognition of a phosphoserine or phosphothreonine motif. Binding generally results in the modulation of the activity of the binding partner. Negatively regulates the kinase activity of PDPK1 (By similarity) (245 aa) | |||
| Gamt | Guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase; Converts guanidinoacetate to creatine, using S- adenosylmethionine as the methyl donor. Important in nervous system development (236 aa) | |||
| Psap | Prosaposin; Saposins are specific low-molecular mass non-enzymic proteins, they participate in the lysosomal degradation of sphingolipids, which takes place by the sequential action of specific hydrolases (554 aa) | |||
| Atp5h | ATP synthase subunit d, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the cent [...] (161 aa) | |||
| Krt15 | Keratin, type I cytoskeletal 15; In the absence of KRT14, makes a bona fide, but ultrastructurally distinct keratin filament network with KRT5; Belongs to the intermediate filament family (456 aa) | |||
| H2afv | Histone H2A.V; Variant histone H2A which replaces conventional H2A in a subset of nucleosomes. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. May be involved in the formation of constitutive heterochromatin. May be required for ch [...] (128 aa) | |||
| Tpt1 | Translationally-controlled tumor protein; Involved in calcium binding and microtubule stabilization (172 aa) | |||
| Gng12 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein- effector interaction (72 aa) | |||
| Hnrnpa2b1 | Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins A2/B1; Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) that associates with nascent pre-mRNAs, packaging them into hnRNP particles. The hnRNP particle arrangement on nascent hnRNA is non- random and sequence-dependent and serves to condense and stabilize the transcripts and minimize tangling and knotting. Packaging plays a role in various processes such as transcription, pre-mRNA processing, RNA nuclear export, subcellular location, mRNA translation and stability of mature mRNAs. Forms hnRNP particles with at least 20 other different hnRNP and h [...] (341 aa) | |||
| Ube2l3 | Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 L3; Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 that specifically acts with HECT-type and RBR family E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases. Does not function with most RING-containing E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases because it lacks intrinsic E3-independent reactivity with lysine- in contrast, it has activity with the RBR family E3 enzymes, such as PRKN and ARIH1, that function like function like RING-HECT hybrids. Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In vitro catalyzes ’Lys-11’-linked polyubiquitination. Involved in the [...] (154 aa) | |||
| Atp5f1 | ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit B1, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechani [...] (256 aa) | |||
| Ppia | Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A; PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides; Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family. PPIase A subfamily (164 aa) | |||
| Ctsd | Cathepsin D; Acid protease active in intracellular protein breakdown. Plays a role in APP processing following cleavage and activation by ADAM30 which leads to APP degradation; Belongs to the peptidase A1 family (410 aa) | |||
| Rpl27a | Ribosomal protein L27A (148 aa) | |||
| Eif4a1 | Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-I; ATP-dependent RNA helicase which is a subunit of the eIF4F complex involved in cap recognition and is required for mRNA binding to ribosome. In the current model of translation initiation, eIF4A unwinds RNA secondary structures in the 5’-UTR of mRNAs which is necessary to allow efficient binding of the small ribosomal subunit, and subsequent scanning for the initiator codon; Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. eIF4A subfamily (406 aa) | |||
| Vdac3 | Voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3; Forms a channel through the mitochondrial outer membrane that allows diffusion of small hydrophilic molecules (284 aa) | |||
| Pgk1-rs7 | Phosphoglycerate kinase 1; In addition to its role as a glycolytic enzyme, it seems that PGK-1 acts as a polymerase alpha cofactor protein (primer recognition protein). May play a role in sperm motility; Belongs to the phosphoglycerate kinase family (417 aa) | |||
| Tuba4a | Tubulin alpha-4A chain; Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain; Belongs to the tubulin family (448 aa) | |||
| node1 | node2 | node1 accession | node2 accession | node1 annotation | node2 annotation | score |
| Acat1 | Aco2 | ENSMUSP00000034547 | ENSMUSP00000023116 | Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, mitochondrial; Plays a major role in ketone body metabolism; Belongs to the thiolase family | Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate; Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family | 0.775 |
| Acat1 | Hsd17b4 | ENSMUSP00000034547 | ENSMUSP00000025385 | Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, mitochondrial; Plays a major role in ketone body metabolism; Belongs to the thiolase family | Peroxisomal multifunctional enzyme type 2; Bifunctional enzyme acting on the peroxisomal beta- oxidation pathway for fatty acids. Catalyzes the formation of 3- ketoacyl-CoA intermediates from both straight-chain and 2-methyl- branched-chain fatty acids (By similarity) | 0.566 |
| Acat1 | Tubb1 | ENSMUSP00000034547 | ENSMUSP00000016399 | Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, mitochondrial; Plays a major role in ketone body metabolism; Belongs to the thiolase family | Tubulin beta-1 chain; Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain (By similarity); Belongs to the tubulin family | 0.712 |
| Aco2 | Acat1 | ENSMUSP00000023116 | ENSMUSP00000034547 | Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate; Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family | Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, mitochondrial; Plays a major role in ketone body metabolism; Belongs to the thiolase family | 0.775 |
| Aco2 | Atp5a1 | ENSMUSP00000023116 | ENSMUSP00000026495 | Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate; Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family | ATP synthase subunit alpha, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the [...] | 0.795 |
| Aco2 | Atp5b | ENSMUSP00000023116 | ENSMUSP00000026459 | Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate; Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family | ATP synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the c [...] | 0.921 |
| Aco2 | Atp5f1 | ENSMUSP00000023116 | ENSMUSP00000113022 | Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate; Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family | ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit B1, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechani [...] | 0.470 |
| Aco2 | Atp5h | ENSMUSP00000023116 | ENSMUSP00000102147 | Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate; Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family | ATP synthase subunit d, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the cent [...] | 0.620 |
| Aco2 | Atp5o | ENSMUSP00000023116 | ENSMUSP00000023677 | Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate; Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family | ATP synthase subunit O, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the centr [...] | 0.667 |
| Aco2 | Cox4i1 | ENSMUSP00000023116 | ENSMUSP00000034276 | Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate; Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family | Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial; This protein is one of the nuclear-coded polypeptide chains of cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal oxidase in mitochondrial electron transport | 0.434 |
| Aco2 | Gpi1 | ENSMUSP00000023116 | ENSMUSP00000049355 | Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate; Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family | Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase; Besides it’s role as a glycolytic enzyme, mammalian GPI can function as a tumor-secreted cytokine and an angiogenic factor (AMF) that stimulates endothelial cell motility. GPI is also a neurotrophic factor (Neuroleukin) for spinal and sensory neurons | 0.517 |
| Aco2 | Hsd17b4 | ENSMUSP00000023116 | ENSMUSP00000025385 | Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate; Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family | Peroxisomal multifunctional enzyme type 2; Bifunctional enzyme acting on the peroxisomal beta- oxidation pathway for fatty acids. Catalyzes the formation of 3- ketoacyl-CoA intermediates from both straight-chain and 2-methyl- branched-chain fatty acids (By similarity) | 0.408 |
| Aco2 | Hspa9 | ENSMUSP00000023116 | ENSMUSP00000025217 | Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate; Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family | Stress-70 protein, mitochondrial; Chaperone protein which plays an important role in mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) biogenesis. Interacts with and stabilizes ISC cluster assembly proteins FXN, NFU1, NFS1 and ISCU (By similarity). Regulates erythropoiesis via stabilization of ISC assembly. May play a role in the control of cell proliferation and cellular aging; Belongs to the heat shock protein 70 family | 0.583 |
| Aco2 | Hspd1 | ENSMUSP00000023116 | ENSMUSP00000027123 | Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate; Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family | 60 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial; Chaperonin implicated in mitochondrial protein import and macromolecular assembly. Together with Hsp10, facilitates the correct folding of imported proteins. May also prevent misfolding and promote the refolding and proper assembly of unfolded polypeptides generated under stress conditions in the mitochondrial matrix. The functional units of these chaperonins consist of heptameric rings of the large subunit Hsp60, which function as a back-to-back double ring. In a cyclic reaction, Hsp60 ring complexes bind one unfolded substrate protein per rin [...] | 0.541 |
| Aco2 | Ldhb | ENSMUSP00000023116 | ENSMUSP00000032373 | Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate; Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family | Lactate dehydrogenase B; Belongs to the LDH/MDH superfamily. LDH family | 0.541 |
| Aco2 | Pgk1-rs7 | ENSMUSP00000023116 | ENSMUSP00000136544 | Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate; Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family | Phosphoglycerate kinase 1; In addition to its role as a glycolytic enzyme, it seems that PGK-1 acts as a polymerase alpha cofactor protein (primer recognition protein). May play a role in sperm motility; Belongs to the phosphoglycerate kinase family | 0.504 |
| Aco2 | Slc25a4 | ENSMUSP00000023116 | ENSMUSP00000034049 | Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate; Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family | ADP/ATP translocase 1; Involved in mitochondrial ADP/ATP transport. Catalyzes the exchange of cytoplasmic ADP with mitochondrial ATP across the mitochondrial inner membrane; Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family | 0.470 |
| Aco2 | Vdac1 | ENSMUSP00000023116 | ENSMUSP00000099819 | Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate; Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family | Voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1; Forms a channel through the mitochondrial outer membrane and also the plasma membrane. The channel at the outer mitochondrial membrane allows diffusion of small hydrophilic molecules; in the plasma membrane it is involved in cell volume regulation and apoptosis. It adopts an open conformation at low or zero membrane potential and a closed conformation at potentials above 30-40 mV. The open state has a weak anion selectivity whereas the closed state is cation-selective. May participate in the formation of the permeability transition p [...] | 0.487 |
| Aco2 | Vdac2 | ENSMUSP00000023116 | ENSMUSP00000022293 | Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate; Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family | Voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2; Forms a channel through the mitochondrial outer membrane that allows diffusion of small hydrophilic molecules. The channel adopts an open conformation at low or zero membrane potential and a closed conformation at potentials above 30-40 mV. The open state has a weak anion selectivity whereas the closed state is cation- selective (By similarity) | 0.454 |
| Ahcy | Atp5b | ENSMUSP00000061851 | ENSMUSP00000026459 | S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase; Adenosylhomocysteine is a competitive inhibitor of S- adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyl transferase reactions; therefore adenosylhomocysteinase may play a key role in the control of methylations via regulation of the intracellular concentration of adenosylhomocysteine | ATP synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the c [...] | 0.555 |
