Nodes:
Network nodes represent proteins
splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
Node Color
colored nodes:
query proteins and first shell of interactors
query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
second shell of interactors
Node Content
empty nodes:
proteins of unknown 3D structure
proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
some 3D structure is known or predicted
some 3D structure is known or predicted
Edges:
Edges represent protein-protein associations
associations are meant to be specific and meaningful, i.e. proteins jointly contribute to a shared function; this does not necessarily mean they are physically binding each other.
Action Types
activation
inhibition
binding
catalysis
phenotype
posttranslational modification
reaction
transcriptional regulation
Action effects
positive
negative
unspecified
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| FAM107B | Protein FAM107B; Family with sequence similarity 107 member B (306 aa) | |||
| SLC32A1 | Vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter; Involved in the uptake of GABA and glycine into the synaptic vesicles; Solute carriers (525 aa) | |||
| PCSK1N | ProSAAS; May function in the control of the neuroendocrine secretory pathway. Proposed be a specific endogenous inhibitor of PCSK1. ProSAAS and Big PEN-LEN, both containing the C-terminal inhibitory domain, but not the further processed peptides reduce PCSK1 activity in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi. It reduces the activity of the 84 kDa form but not the autocatalytically derived 66 kDa form of PCSK1. Subsequent processing of proSAAS may eliminate the inhibition. Slows down convertase-mediated processing of proopiomelanocortin and proenkephalin. May control the intracellular timi [...] (260 aa) | |||
| CMC2 | COX assembly mitochondrial protein 2 homolog; May be involved in cytochrome c oxidase biogenesis (79 aa) | |||
| SCG3 | Secretogranin-3; Secretogranin III; Granins (468 aa) | |||
| AES | Amino-terminal enhancer of split; Transcriptional corepressor. Acts as dominant repressor towards other family members. Inhibits NF-kappa-B-regulated gene expression. May be required for the initiation and maintenance of the differentiated state. Essential for the transcriptional repressor activity of SIX3 during retina and lens development; Belongs to the WD repeat Groucho/TLE family (264 aa) | |||
| ARHGDIB | Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor 2; Regulates the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of the Rho proteins by inhibiting the dissociation of GDP from them, and the subsequent binding of GTP to them. Regulates reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton mediated by Rho family members (201 aa) | |||
| C12orf57 | Protein C10; In brain, may be required for corpus callusum development; Belongs to the UPF0456 family (126 aa) | |||
| SKP1 | S-phase kinase-associated protein 1; Essential component of the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) ubiquitin ligase complex, which mediates the ubiquitination of proteins involved in cell cycle progression, signal transduction and transcription. In the SCF complex, serves as an adapter that links the F-box protein to CUL1. The functional specificity of the SCF complex depends on the F-box protein as substrate recognition component. SCF(BTRC) and SCF(FBXW11) direct ubiquitination of CTNNB1 and participate in Wnt signaling. SCF(FBXW11) directs ubiquitination of phosphorylated NFKBIA. SCF(BTRC [...] (163 aa) | |||
| PHPT1 | 14 kDa phosphohistidine phosphatase; Exhibits phosphohistidine phosphatase activity; Protein phosphatases (125 aa) | |||
| NTS | Neurotensin/neuromedin N; Neurotensin may play an endocrine or paracrine role in the regulation of fat metabolism. It causes contraction of smooth muscle; Belongs to the neurotensin family (170 aa) | |||
| FAM127A | Retrotransposon Gag-like protein 8B; Family with sequence similarity 127, member A; Belongs to the FAM127 family (113 aa) | |||
| TCEB2 | Elongin-B; SIII, also known as elongin, is a general transcription elongation factor that increases the RNA polymerase II transcription elongation past template-encoded arresting sites. Subunit A is transcriptionally active and its transcription activity is strongly enhanced by binding to the dimeric complex of the SIII regulatory subunits B and C (elongin BC complex). In embryonic stem cells, the elongin BC complex is recruited by EPOP to Polycomb group (PcG) target genes in order generate genomic region that display both active and repressive chromatin properties, an important featur [...] (161 aa) | |||
| SLC9A3R1 | Na(+)/H(+) exchange regulatory cofactor NHE-RF1; Scaffold protein that connects plasma membrane proteins with members of the ezrin/moesin/radixin family and thereby helps to link them to the actin cytoskeleton and to regulate their surface expression. Necessary for recycling of internalized ADRB2. Was first known to play a role in the regulation of the activity and subcellular location of SLC9A3. Necessary for cAMP-mediated phosphorylation and inhibition of SLC9A3. May enhance Wnt signaling. May participate in HTR4 targeting to microvilli (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of [...] (358 aa) | |||
| LAMC2 | Laminin subunit gamma-2; Binding to cells via a high affinity receptor, laminin is thought to mediate the attachment, migration and organization of cells into tissues during embryonic development by interacting with other extracellular matrix components. Ladsin exerts cell- scattering activity toward a wide variety of cells, including epithelial, endothelial, and fibroblastic cells (1193 aa) | |||
| PITX1 | Pituitary homeobox 1; Sequence-specific transcription factor that binds gene promoters and activates their transcription. May play a role in the development of anterior structures, and in particular, the brain and facies and in specifying the identity or structure of hindlimb; Belongs to the paired homeobox family. Bicoid subfamily (314 aa) | |||
| S100A11 | Protein S100-A11; Facilitates the differentiation and the cornification of keratinocytes; Belongs to the S-100 family (105 aa) | |||
| GALM | Aldose 1-epimerase; Mutarotase converts alpha-aldose to the beta-anomer. It is active on D-glucose, L-arabinose, D-xylose, D-galactose, maltose and lactose (By similarity) (342 aa) | |||
| SNRPG | Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein G; Core component of the spliceosomal U1, U2, U4 and U5 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), the building blocks of the spliceosome. Thereby, plays an important role in the splicing of cellular pre-mRNAs. Most spliceosomal snRNPs contain a common set of Sm proteins SNRPB, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG that assemble in a heptameric protein ring on the Sm site of the small nuclear RNA to form the core snRNP. Appears to function in the U7 snRNP complex that is involved in histone 3’-end processing (76 aa) | |||
| ABHD14A | Protein ABHD14A; Possible role in granule neuron development; Abhydrolase domain containing (271 aa) | |||
| TATDN1 | Putative deoxyribonuclease TATDN1; Putative deoxyribonuclease; Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. TatD-type hydrolase family (297 aa) | |||
| VBP1 | Prefoldin subunit 3; Binds specifically to cytosolic chaperonin (c-CPN) and transfers target proteins to it. Binds to nascent polypeptide chain and promotes folding in an environment in which there are many competing pathways for nonnative proteins; Prefoldin subunits (197 aa) | |||
| CELF3 | CUGBP Elav-like family member 3; RNA-binding protein involved in the regulation of pre- mRNA alternative splicing. Mediates exon inclusion and/or exclusion in pre-mRNA that are subject to tissue-specific and developmentally regulated alternative splicing. Specifically activates exon 5 inclusion of cardiac isoforms of TNNT2 during heart remodeling at the juvenile to adult transition. Activates the splicing of MAPT/Tau exon 10. Binds to muscle-specific splicing enhancer (MSE) intronic sites flanking the alternative exon 5 of TNNT2 pre-mRNA (465 aa) | |||
| EDIL3 | EGF-like repeat and discoidin I-like domain-containing protein 3; Promotes adhesion of endothelial cells through interaction with the alpha-v/beta-3 integrin receptor. Inhibits formation of vascular-like structures. May be involved in regulation of vascular morphogenesis of remodeling in embryonic development (480 aa) | |||
| C1QTNF4 | Complement C1q tumor necrosis factor-related protein 4; May act as a pro-inflammatory cytokine, that induces the activation of NF-kappa-B signaling pathway and up-regulates IL6 production; C1q and TNF related (329 aa) | |||
| BOLA2B | bolA family member 2B; Acts as a cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster assembly factor that facilitates [2Fe-2S] cluster insertion into a subset of cytosolic proteins. Acts together with the monothiol glutaredoxin GLRX3; Belongs to the BolA/IbaG family (152 aa) | |||
| CLU | Clusterin; Isoform 1 functions as extracellular chaperone that prevents aggregation of nonnative proteins. Prevents stress- induced aggregation of blood plasma proteins. Inhibits formation of amyloid fibrils by APP, APOC2, B2M, CALCA, CSN3, SNCA and aggregation-prone LYZ variants (in vitro). Does not require ATP. Maintains partially unfolded proteins in a state appropriate for subsequent refolding by other chaperones, such as HSPA8/HSC70. Does not refold proteins by itself. Binding to cell surface receptors triggers internalization of the chaperone-client complex and subsequent lysosom [...] (449 aa) | |||
| PAM16 | Mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase subunit TIM16; Regulates ATP-dependent protein translocation into the mitochondrial matrix. Inhibits DNAJC19 stimulation of HSPA9/Mortalin ATPase activity; Belongs to the TIM16/PAM16 family (125 aa) | |||
| GADD45GIP1 | Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible proteins-interacting protein 1; Acts as a negative regulator of G1 to S cell cycle phase progression by inhibiting cyclin-dependent kinases. Inhibitory effects are additive with GADD45 proteins but occurs also in the absence of GADD45 proteins. Acts as a repressor of the orphan nuclear receptor NR4A1 by inhibiting AB domain-mediated transcriptional activity. May be involved in the hormone-mediated regulation of NR4A1 transcriptional activity. May play a role in mitochondrial protein synthesis (222 aa) | |||
| LASP1 | LIM and SH3 domain protein 1; Plays an important role in the regulation of dynamic actin-based, cytoskeletal activities. Agonist-dependent changes in LASP1 phosphorylation may also serve to regulate actin-associated ion transport activities, not only in the parietal cell but also in certain other F-actin-rich secretory epithelial cell types (By similarity); LIM domain containing (261 aa) | |||
| RTBDN | Retbindin; Riboflavin-binding protein which might have a role in retinal flavin transport (261 aa) | |||
| ARL6 | ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 6; Involved in membrane protein trafficking at the base of the ciliary organelle. Mediates recruitment onto plasma membrane of the BBSome complex which would constitute a coat complex required for sorting of specific membrane proteins to the primary cilia. Together with BBS1, is necessary for correct trafficking of PKD1 to primary cilia (By similarity). Together with the BBSome complex and LTZL1, controls SMO ciliary trafficking and contributes to the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway regulation. May regulate cilia assembly and disassembly and subsequent [...] (186 aa) | |||
| QPCT | Glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase; Responsible for the biosynthesis of pyroglutamyl peptides. Has a bias against acidic and tryptophan residues adjacent to the N-terminal glutaminyl residue and a lack of importance of chain length after the second residue. Also catalyzes N-terminal pyroglutamate formation. In vitro, catalyzes pyroglutamate formation of N-terminally truncated form of APP amyloid-beta peptides [Glu-3]-amyloid-beta. May be involved in the N-terminal pyroglutamate formation of several amyloid-related plaque-forming peptides (361 aa) | |||
| IMPDH1 | Inosine-5’-monophosphate dehydrogenase 1; Catalyzes the conversion of inosine 5’-phosphate (IMP) to xanthosine 5’-phosphate (XMP), the first committed and rate- limiting step in the de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides, and therefore plays an important role in the regulation of cell growth. Could also have a single-stranded nucleic acid-binding activity and could play a role in RNA and/or DNA metabolism. It may also have a role in the development of malignancy and the growth progression of some tumors; Belongs to the IMPDH/GMPR family (599 aa) | |||
| NDUFV3 | NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 3, mitochondrial; Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone. May be the terminally assembled subunit of Complex I (473 aa) | |||
| F8 | Coagulation factor VIII; Factor VIII, along with calcium and phospholipid, acts as a cofactor for F9/factor IXa when it converts F10/factor X to the activated form, factor Xa; Belongs to the multicopper oxidase family (2351 aa) | |||
| DYNLT1 | Dynein light chain Tctex-type 1; Acts as one of several non-catalytic accessory components of the cytoplasmic dynein 1 complex that are thought to be involved in linking dynein to cargos and to adapter proteins that regulate dynein function. Cytoplasmic dynein 1 acts as a motor for the intracellular retrograde motility of vesicles and organelles along microtubules. Binds to transport cargos and is involved in apical cargo transport such as rhodopsin-bearing vesicles in polarized epithelia. May also be a accessory component of axonemal dynein; Belongs to the dynein light chain Tctex-typ [...] (113 aa) | |||
| CSRP1 | Cysteine and glycine-rich protein 1; Could play a role in neuronal development; LIM domain containing (193 aa) | |||
| TPM3 | Tropomyosin alpha-3 chain; Binds to actin filaments in muscle and non-muscle cells. Plays a central role, in association with the troponin complex, in the calcium dependent regulation of vertebrate striated muscle contraction. Smooth muscle contraction is regulated by interaction with caldesmon. In non-muscle cells is implicated in stabilizing cytoskeleton actin filaments; Belongs to the tropomyosin family (285 aa) | |||
| RGS10 | Regulator of G-protein signaling 10; Regulates G protein-coupled receptor signaling cascades, including signaling downstream of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor CHRM2. Inhibits signal transduction by increasing the GTPase activity of G protein alpha subunits, thereby driving them into their inactive GDP-bound form. Modulates the activity of potassium channels that are activated in response to CHRM2 signaling. Activity on GNAZ is inhibited by palmitoylation of the G-protein (181 aa) | |||
| CETN2 | Centrin-2; Plays a fundamental role in microtubule organizing center structure and function. Required for centriole duplication and correct spindle formation. Has a role in regulating cytokinesis and genome stability via cooperation with CALM1 and CCP110; Belongs to the centrin family (172 aa) | |||
| GPC4 | Glypican-4; Cell surface proteoglycan that bears heparan sulfate. May be involved in the development of kidney tubules and of the central nervous system (By similarity); Belongs to the glypican family (556 aa) | |||
| PDLIM1 | PDZ and LIM domain protein 1; Cytoskeletal protein that may act as an adapter that brings other proteins (like kinases) to the cytoskeleton. Involved in assembly, disassembly and directioning of stress fibers in fibroblasts. Required for the localization of ACTN1 and PALLD to stress fibers. Required for cell migration and in maintaining cell polarity of fibroblasts (By similarity); LIM domain containing (329 aa) | |||
| STAU1 | Double-stranded RNA-binding protein Staufen homolog 1; Binds double-stranded RNA (regardless of the sequence) and tubulin. May play a role in specific positioning of mRNAs at given sites in the cell by cross-linking cytoskeletal and RNA components, and in stimulating their translation at the site; Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunits (577 aa) | |||
| PPA1 | Pyrophosphatase 1 (289 aa) | |||
| CHGB | Secretogranin-1; Secretogranin-1 is a neuroendocrine secretory granule protein, which may be the precursor for other biologically active peptides (677 aa) | |||
| PIR | Pirin; Transcriptional coregulator of NF-kappa-B which facilitates binding of NF-kappa-B proteins to target kappa-B genes in a redox-state-dependent manner. May be required for efficient terminal myeloid maturation of hematopoietic cells. Has quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase activity (in vitro); Belongs to the pirin family (290 aa) | |||
| SSC5D | Soluble scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domain-containing protein SSC5D; Binds to extracellular matrix proteins. Binds to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) present on the cell walls of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi, behaving as a pattern recognition receptor (PRR). Induces bacterial and fungal aggregation and subsequent inhibition of PAMP-induced cytokine release. Does not possess intrinsic bactericidal activity. May play a role in the innate defense and homeostasis of certain epithelial surfaces (By similarity); Scavenger receptor cysteine rich domai [...] (1573 aa) | |||
| MTPN | Myotrophin; Promotes dimerization of NF-kappa-B subunits and regulates NF-kappa-B transcription factor activity (By similarity). Plays a role in the regulation of the growth of actin filaments. Inhibits the activity of the F-actin-capping protein complex formed by the CAPZA1 and CAPZB heterodimer. Promotes growth of cardiomyocytes, but not cardiomyocyte proliferation. Promotes cardiac muscle hypertrophy; Belongs to the myotrophin family (118 aa) | |||
| NMB | Neuromedin-B; Stimulates smooth muscle contraction in a manner similar to that of bombesin; Belongs to the bombesin/neuromedin-B/ranatensin family (154 aa) | |||
| NAGA | Alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase; Removes terminal alpha-N-acetylgalactosamine residues from glycolipids and glycopeptides. Required for the breakdown of glycolipids (411 aa) | |||
| PKIA | cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor alpha; Extremely potent competitive inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity, this protein interacts with the catalytic subunit of the enzyme after the cAMP-induced dissociation of its regulatory chains (76 aa) | |||
| MGARP | Protein MGARP; Plays a role in the trafficking of mitochondria along microtubules. Regulates the kinesin-mediated axonal transport of mitochondria to nerve terminals along microtubules during hypoxia. Participates in the translocation of TRAK2/GRIF1 from the cytoplasm to the mitochondrion. Also plays a role in steroidogenesis through maintenance of mitochondrial abundance and morphology (By similarity) (240 aa) | |||
| FAM96B | Mitotic spindle-associated MMXD complex subunit MIP18; Component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur protein assembly (CIA) complex, a multiprotein complex that mediates the incorporation of iron-sulfur cluster into extramitochondrial Fe/S proteins. As part of the mitotic spindle-associated MMXD complex it plays a role in chromosome segregation, probably by facilitating iron-sulfur cluster assembly into ERCC2/XPD; Belongs to the MIP18 family (163 aa) | |||
| NPNT | Nephronectin; Functional ligand of integrin alpha-8/beta-1 in kidney development. Regulates the expression of GDNF with integrin alpha- 8/beta-1 which is essential for kidney development. May also play a role in the development and function of various tissues, regulating cell adhesion, spreading and survival through the binding of several integrins (By similarity) (595 aa) | |||
| MAN2B1 | Lysosomal alpha-mannosidase; Necessary for the catabolism of N-linked carbohydrates released during glycoprotein turnover. Cleaves all known types of alpha-mannosidic linkages; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 38 family (1011 aa) | |||
| SNRPE | Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein E; Core component of the spliceosomal U1, U2, U4 and U5 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), the building blocks of the spliceosome. Thereby, plays an important role in the splicing of cellular pre-mRNAs. Most spliceosomal snRNPs contain a common set of Sm proteins SNRPB, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG that assemble in a heptameric protein ring on the Sm site of the small nuclear RNA to form the core snRNP. As part of the U7 snRNP it is involved in histone 3’-end processing. May indirectly play a role in hair development (92 aa) | |||
| UBE2L3 | Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2L 3; Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 that specifically acts with HECT-type and RBR family E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases. Does not function with most RING-containing E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases because it lacks intrinsic E3-independent reactivity with lysine- in contrast, it has activity with the RBR family E3 enzymes, such as PRKN and ARIH1, that function like function like RING-HECT hybrids. Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In vitro catalyzes ’Lys-11’-linked polyubiquitination. Involved in the [...] (212 aa) | |||
| SLC35A4 | Probable UDP-sugar transporter protein SLC35A4; Solute carrier family 35 member A4; Belongs to the nucleotide-sugar transporter family. SLC35A subfamily (324 aa) | |||
| DBI | Acyl-CoA-binding protein; Binds medium- and long-chain acyl-CoA esters with very high affinity and may function as an intracellular carrier of acyl-CoA esters. It is also able to displace diazepam from the benzodiazepine (BZD) recognition site located on the GABA type A receptor. It is therefore possible that this protein also acts as a neuropeptide to modulate the action of the GABA receptor (104 aa) | |||
| TOM1L1 | TOM1-like protein 1; Probable adapter protein involved in signaling pathways. Interacts with the SH2 and SH3 domains of various signaling proteins when it is phosphorylated. May promote FYN activation, possibly by disrupting intramolecular SH3-dependent interactions (By similarity); Belongs to the TOM1 family (476 aa) | |||
| RAD23A | UV excision repair protein RAD23 homolog A; Multiubiquitin chain receptor involved in modulation of proteasomal degradation. Binds to ’Lys-48’-linked polyubiquitin chains in a length-dependent manner and with a lower affinity to ’Lys-63’-linked polyubiquitin chains. Proposed to be capable to bind simultaneously to the 26S proteasome and to polyubiquitinated substrates and to deliver ubiquitinated proteins to the proteasome; Nucleotide excision repair (363 aa) | |||
| TTN | Titin; Key component in the assembly and functioning of vertebrate striated muscles. By providing connections at the level of individual microfilaments, it contributes to the fine balance of forces between the two halves of the sarcomere. The size and extensibility of the cross-links are the main determinants of sarcomere extensibility properties of muscle. In non-muscle cells, seems to play a role in chromosome condensation and chromosome segregation during mitosis. Might link the lamina network to chromatin or nuclear actin, or both during interphase; Fibronectin type III domain containing (35991 aa) | |||
| CAB39L | Calcium-binding protein 39-like; Component of a complex that binds and activates STK11/LKB1. In the complex, required to stabilize the interaction between CAB39/MO25 (CAB39/MO25alpha or CAB39L/MO25beta) and STK11/LKB1 (By similarity) (337 aa) | |||
| BCL2L13 | Bcl-2-like protein 13; May promote the activation of caspase-3 and apoptosis; BCL2 family (509 aa) | |||
| CRABP2 | Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 2; Transports retinoic acid to the nucleus. Regulates the access of retinoic acid to the nuclear retinoic acid receptors; Fatty acid binding protein family (138 aa) | |||
| NT5C3A | Cytosolic 5’-nucleotidase 3A; Nucleotidase which shows specific activity towards cytidine monophosphate (CMP) and 7-methylguanosine monophosphate (m(7)GMP). CMP seems to be the preferred substrate; Belongs to the pyrimidine 5’-nucleotidase family (336 aa) | |||
Your Current Organism:
Homo sapiens
NCBI taxonomy Id: 9606
Other names: H. sapiens, Homo sapiens, human, man
Other names: H. sapiens, Homo sapiens, human, man
